The United States Military Operations - 2140 Words

The United States Military continues to prepare sailors and soldiers for a range of military operations. While the military is largely known for fighting and winning the nation’s wars, it is not uncommon for military commanders to face challenges outside that of military combat operations. One of the more challenging operations that Joint Force Commanders face, is that of responding to natural disasters. While military commanders may conduct exercises both in the United States and with our coalition partners and allies, natural disasters that require a military response have unique challenges that are difficult to prepare and to practice. Natural disasters often occur with little or no warning and have the potential to impact large†¦show more content†¦There are however, several restrictions that prevent the military from being able to directly respond to foreign or natural disasters inside the U.S borders. A formal request for aid must be generated through the Department of State for foreign aid (JP3-29, 2014). Likewise, a request for federal assistance must be made from the state to the President prior to military forces are authorized to respond to a domestic natural disaster. Unlike the Armed National Guard that is run by the state and falls under US Title 32 laws, the Department of Defense operates under Title 10 laws that prevent the military from operating in inside the United States borders for defensive support of civil authorities without the explicit permission from the Secretary of Defense (JP3-28, 2013). Joint Task Force commanders can best prepare for the surprise of natural disasters with routine training and interoperability with coalition partners. Regular multinational exercises and operations improve the trust and working relationship with foreign governments that are essential in the time of crisis. Trust between nations is required to allow a country to make the initial request for assistance. At the time of the 2004 Sumatra earthquake, only 15 percent of Indonesians had a favorable

The Discrimination Of A Woman s Body - 1828 Words

A woman’s life is very complicated in the regards to human life. They are all around more complex in mind and body. As a result of this complexity most women face oppression or the cruel or unjust treatment or control of a person. Example would be a woman’s body, there are many bills and laws about a women’s body but little to none of a males. Part of a woman’s right is to be able to start a family when she or the couple is ready. Once the baby comes along there is a lot of backlash toward breast-feeding in public. Backlash is a strong adverse reaction by many people or the general public. Finally women in the work place, there are too many problems with this subject including sexual harassment. This is the harassment of a person in a workplace involving unwanted sexual advances or remarks. These are just a few of the many problems most women face everyday. Laurie Edwards â€Å"The Gender Gap In Pain† proves that women are constantly in more pain th en men and are usually untreated or do not get the right diagnosis. I would have thought that men would show the most pain because of the stigma men are baby’s, when it comes to pain and I also thought that women would show less because of women not reporting it or under ranking the pain. This also did not mention the accommodation for childbirth of a women and menstrual problems. Overall it was interesting, but I think some of the research could have been expanded further. On the part of not being able to be diagnosed I have hadShow MoreRelatedPrejudice Against Women By Nancy Tuana And Young, White, And Miserable By Wini Breines1000 Words   |  4 Pagescreation myths allowing its perpetuity. 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More often than not however, sexism is commonly applied to the unfair treatment of women, the denial of opportunity to women or an injustice towards women, whichRead MoreGender Inequality Within The United States1701 Words   |  7 Pagescausing are more likely related to the professionalism or gender discrimination. This shows how women doctors have to deal with a lot more stress than the average doctor because of discrimination. â€Å" Persistency of professional stress in medical professionals decreases the quality of work which ultimately decreases the quality of service to the people they are trying to take care of.† If women were not put under so much discrimination and society didn t stereotype women as doctors, women wouldn tRead MoreWhy Women s Rights Are Not Equal1456 Words   |  6 Pagesjobs for women. Moreover, the aim of democratic societies to ensure equal opportunities for men and women has intensified the debate about women s access to all combat positions. 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The world is less interesting when everything is same. None of us would argue the fact that men and women are physically different. The physical differences are rather obvious and most of these can be seen and easily measured. Weight, shape, size and anatomy are not political opinions but rather tangible and easily measured. The physical differences between men and women provide functional advantages and have survival value. Men usually have greater upper body strength, buildRead More1. ​​Moore.. Marcus Moore. Women Of Color In Usa. Julie1132 Words   |  5 PagesSexual Exploitations Of WOC Although we live in the 21-century women of color across the United States, have been victims of one or more forms of discrimination. The fight to bridge the gender equality gap is a war that has been going on for generations. Women of color never had the gratification of being just a woman, for they are intertwined with issues of sexualization and sexual exploitation. The representations of the past and present frames WOC as sexualized objects. It’s partRead MoreWomen s Issue Paper : Abortion1285 Words   |  6 Pagesof pregnancy (Abortion-Dictionary.com ). One in every three women have an abortion by the age of 45 (Operation Rescue Inc). Though the act of abortion is common it has been an emotionally draining debate since the mid 1970’s, but has always been a hot topic since the 1800’s. There are two sides to this debate. One side is pro-life, in which people believe abortion should be illegal to protect the unborn baby. The other side is pro choice, where the mother of the unborn decides if that fetus livesRead MoreThe Fight Against Gender Inequality1135 Words   |  5 PagesOver the past decades, despite people have advances on gender inequality, but the sexism still prevalent in all aspects of life and in most countries around the world. I am a woman. I was born and raised in Vietnam, where gender biased ideology is extremely prevalent throughout society. It is an ideology in which men are considered more important than women. In the spiritual life of Vietnamese, people must have a son to keep their family lineages c ontinuously growing. This pressure is on peopleRead MoreGender Stereotypes And Gender Roles1261 Words   |  6 PagesA mother may decorate their nursery pink if they are having a daughter because â€Å"girls like pink,† and â€Å"boys like blue.† Gender roles should not be confused with gender stereotypes. A gender stereotype is a narrow way of thinking about how men and woman are obligated to behave. For example, men have always been considered to be the breadwinners of the family. Females, on the other hand, are seen more as the gentle homemakers that stay home to clean and take care of the children. (Rathus, 2010, p.447)

Business Ethics and Sustainability Management

Questions: 1. What were my assumptions about the ethics and morality before coming to this course? 2. Have these changed and why? 3. What were my assumptions about the nature and purpose of business activity? Answers: (1). Before I joined to this course, I don't have a brief idea about the ethics as well as the morality that are highly important in respect to business ethics and sustainability. I was unable to figure out the major aspects related to the morals and the ethics that are the basic necessity for the sustainable development of any business organizations. Therefore, I assumed that, basic nature, attitude as well as the behavior of the workers and the employees are the major aspect for maintaining the organizational ethics and morals. (2). Yes, my assumptions are changed after joining this course. Now, I can understand that, the ethics are referred along with the better worth seeking in the everyday life as well as the rules related to the human behavior and social interaction is also needed for maintaining the organizational ethics in a cohesive manner as it is opined by Weiss, (2014). It is necessary to mention that, the business ethics are dived into three highly significant segments, those are: Descriptive Ethics, Meta-Ethics as well as Normative Ethics. On the other hand, I realized that, morality is actually referred to the standards that are able to treat any individuals or working for teams as they are right or wrong with their activities within the workplace of any business organization. It is necessary to mention that, few significant characteristics are there that are able to satisfy the organizational morals. Those are: Morales should have to be included with emotions as well as vocabulary as commented by Heath, (2014). Organizational morals have to be established by the human judgment not by legislations as well as should have to be based on impartial considerations. (3). As per my thought, I assumed that the major nature as well the purpose of the business activity is to extend the business growth by keeping the customers happy. In addition, I also thought that the nature of the business activity is to just tens to the productivity as well as the creating positive within the market. On the other hand, the major purpose of the business activity is to satisfy the consumers by the better quality of the services as well as products. It is necessary to mention that, I dont have a brief idea about the business ethics and this is the main reason for my confusion about to the serious issues that are faced by various business organizations. Apart from that, I assumed that only the business personnel are able to enhance the entire business organization towards the peak of success. Reference List Heath, J. (2014).Morality, competition, and the firm: The market failures approach to business ethics. Oxford University Press. Samuelson, P. A., Anderson, H. C. (2014). corporate social responsibility.Morality and the Market (Routledge Revivals): Consumer Pressure for Corporate Accountability, 43.

The Joy Luck Club Essay Example For Students

The Joy Luck Club Essay She learned to shout and speak up for herself. Rose is encouraged by An-Mei to assert herself; she influences Rose who stands up against Ted in Without Wood.   Ying-Ying confronts her past to help her daughter. In Rice Husband Lena evaluates her life with Harold because Ying-Ying gathers the threads of her past to set Lenas spirit loose. She teaches her to be a tiger, she has one eye asleep, the other open and watching, this is her true self. She shows this to Lena, that she is not only a frail old lady, therefore Lena can admit to being miserable and change this. We will write a custom essay on The Joy Luck Club specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Waverly thinks her mother does not communicate with her, however, at the end of the story there is a suggestion that her mother will break down the barrier and give her the love and confidence she needs as she says I will ask my daughter what she thinks.    Her mother gives Jing-Mei the strength of family and love in the two sisters she finds. Some general points 1. Look at p. 259. The daughters stories of their mothers past lives seems to differ from the truth. Why do you think this is? The daughters cannot understand their mothers real circumstances because American society cannot locate them; therefore the Chinese heritage is reduced to nonsense. 2. Look at p. 253 and p. 267. How does the daughters attitudes to their Chinese identity differ from that of their mothers? Waverly thinks Chinese identity is external only. She has Chinese genes therefore she can blend into Chinese culture. Her mother sees this, as entirely wrong, it is more your inner-self and projected mannerisms, which are Chinese, and they cannot be connected in any way to the American way of life. Jing-Mei thought she was entirely American and the belonged only to this society. Her mother argued that her true nationality was in her Chinese blood and is only a different way of thinking. However, Jing-Mei associates Chinese ness with the embarrassing things her mother did such as being color-blind to the fact that lemon yellow and pale pink are not good combinations for winter clothes. Jing-Mei later sees her mothers view as right when she goes to China and she feels her heritage as her blood rushes a new course. 3. Despite this, the final part of the book, Queen Mother of the Western Skies, appears to be optimistic. Mothers do pass on their strength to their daughters, and daughters do inherit things from their mothers (see example p101 and 103) even when they fight it (p267). The title stories on p. 147 and p. 213 suggest there is a bond that links successive generations. P101. Waverly leans that fighting out of stubbornness you become alone, she is obstinate like her mother. P103. Lena sees horrors (e. g. I saw a beetle wearing the face of a child like her mother did, this is the part of me I got from my mother. P267. Jing-Mei vigorously denied that she had any Chinese whatsoever beneath skin P147 When the daughter looks in the mirror, she sees her self, suggesting t hat her children will resemble her. This knowledge conveys the link between generations, the ties that bind the past and the present. P213 Every generation of women experiences evil and through loss of innocence they become aware of it. The grandmother wants women to be aware of evil and still maintain their hope for future happiness. Three things to think about: 1. What is the significance of the lifes importance Suyuan Woo gives to her daughter? Suyuan gives Jing-Mei the pendant which is her lifes importance to soother her humiliation. .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a , .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a .postImageUrl , .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a , .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a:hover , .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a:visited , .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a:active { border:0!important; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a:active , .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uede22279f25ac36645728754bbad198a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Personal Helicon by Samuel Heaney EssayShe is also offering love and confidence to her daughter, her offering of her own heritage. This perhaps signifies that she foresees her own death; the injured crab is a bad sign at Chinese New Year and might herald her end. Significantly, after her mothers death the pendant begins to assume great importance to Jing-Mei. The pendant signifies Suyuans desire to impress upon her daughter that she is best quality and should strive for nothing less. 2. There are many instances of things and people being lost and found in the book. Do you think this might be important? Yes, because it shows the struggles of coming to terms with their heritage and culture. Self-discovery and understanding relationships are important aspects to the novel. 3. Why does the book end as it does? The book ends as it does because Jing-Mei has found her heritage and discovered what she wants in life. The structure of the ending unifies the book. Not only does this chapter pick up where the first chapter left off, but it also uses the same point of view and narrator. It continues the use of parallelism evident throughout the book, but most especially in Feathers from a Thousand Li Away.

Tips on How to Handle a Nutrition Essay

Tips on How to Handle a Nutrition Essay Writing of nutrition essay topic belongs to the category of the investigation topics on health themes. The major of nutrition is chosen by medical students who are specifically interested in the food the society consumes, and it’s both negative and positive impacts on human health. The science of nutrition was actually born at the beginning of the 21st century as a unity of other numerous scientific fields such as food processing, chemistry, food sociology, medical rations, etc. The very essence of the science is to bring information about positive eating habits to the wide public and promote a healthy lifestyle to all people around. With the growth of food types and diseases caused by malnutrition, this science starts to play a greater role. Types of Work for Nutrition Studying Students The student who is working in the field of nutrition often has to undertake several types of project writing with a variety of topics and subtopics. Continue reading further to check the most noticeable types of nutrition investigation essay tasks. Development of diet plans; Laboratory reports writing; Summaries of investigation material; Critical analysis; Writing of classical thesis; Development of theories. Peculiarities of Writing Nutrition Texts The work on the nutrition has numerous requirement in terms of style, material, and other specifications. That is why the readers will get to know several fundamental points on writing the essay text. Fundamental sources that are used for investigation. There are several demands to the evidence material that is used for presentation of the data. The author should use the material that was acquired through empirical research. The author can use the material from officially published sources like articles and books. It is possible to use the data that was acquired through an interview or other officially saved data. The demands regarding writing. There are several demands while writing the essay on nutrition and they include the following points: The text of the investigation project should be supported by theories, facts, and samples which clarify the topic in the brightest light. In separate cases, there might be a necessity for appendixes in form of schemes and diagrams. The text should be understood not only by professionals but also common readers. Use appropriate scientific language and third person while writing as it’s the most common manner of expression the thoughts. The formatting of the citations. All the citations in the text are commonly formatted according to the demands of American Psychology Association. The information above will surely be helpful for the students who are making their first steps in the nutrition writing and those who wish to improve their writing skills as well. Our team of professional essay writers can help you with writing your nutrition paper on any topic.

Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, HELLP syndrome

Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, HELLP syndrome Free Online Research Papers Preeclampsia, Eclampsia and HELLP syndrome are all serious complications of pregnancy. Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension, and Eclampsia is the worsening of Preeclampsia where the woman experiences convulsions or goes into a coma. HELLP syndrome is a severe form of Preeclampsia, characterized high blood pressure as well. Both of these Eclampsia and HELLP syndrome can stem from Preeclampsia but they can also come about on their own with out ever having had Preeclampsia. There is no way to prevent any of these diseases; you can’t eat something or take a prescription, or anything. The only known cure for theses diseases is delivery of the baby. The treatments for these diseases are mainly to keep the mother pregnant for as long as possible. With all of these diseases death of the mother or baby is a serious complication. Studies have shown that if the mother goes to her health care provider on all of her prenatal visits there is a better chance that the baby and the mother will have little or no adverse effects. Preeclampsia is a universal problem during pregnancy, affecting up to one in seven pregnant women around the world. This condition is defined by high blood pressure and extra protein in the urine after twenty weeks of pregnancy. It has other names such as toxemia, or pregnancy-induced hypertension. In the United States Preeclampsia is usually mild. But if not treated it can lead to serious complications and even death for the mother and the unborn baby. Globally, Preeclampsia and other high blood pressure disorders during pregnancy are a leading cause of maternal and infant death (Mayo Clinic, Sept. 2006). Preeclampsia is a condition in pregnant women or immediately after pregnancy that is a form of toxemia of pregnancy characterized by hypertension; a ‘diastolic blood pressure of at least 90 mm Hg or a systolic blood pressure of at least 140 mm Hg, or a rise in the former of at least 15mm Hg or in the latter of at least 30mm Hg’ (Am J Obstetric Gynecology, 1998), fluid retention (when fluid isn’t removed from the body tissues), and albuminuria (albumin found in the urine) sometimes progressing to Eclampsia. The exact cause of Preeclampsia is still a mystery, there have been numerous studies but all the theories are still un-proven; some of the theories are: genetic, dietary, vascular, and autoimmune factors (Am J Obstetric Gynecology, 1998). Preeclampsia is most common in women who are pregnant for the first time (nulliparity), pregnant teens, and women who are over 40 years of age. The biggest risk factor of Preeclampsia is merely to be pregnant. Other risk factors are history of high blood pressure before pregnancy, previous history of Preeclampsia, history of Preeclampsia in mother or sisters, black race, obesity before pregnancy, carrying more than one baby and history of diabetes, kidney disease, lupus or rheumatoid arthritis (The Cleveland Clinic Birthing Services, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2006). Signs and symptoms of Preeclampsia can be asymptomatic, which is the scariest because women diagnoses with Preeclampsia do not usually fell sick. A lot of the times women with this disease think the signs of it are normal pregnancy symptoms. The more obvious symptoms are high blood pressure (hypertension) and the presence of extra protein in the urine after twenty weeks of pregnancy. Other signs of Preeclampsia are not always as obvious and include severe headaches, changes in vision; temporary loss of vision, blurred vision or light sensitivity, upper abdominal pain that usually occurs under the ribs on the right side, unexplained anxiety, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, decreased urine output, blood in the urine, rapid heartbeat, ringing in the ears, and fever. Sudden weight gain such as more than two pounds a week or six pounds in a month is a common sign as well. Preeclampsia can also happen gradually or very sudden. It may occur during the last half of the pregnancy, during del ivery or even a few days after the baby is born (Mayo Clinic, Sept. 2006). Preeclampsia is usually diagnosed on scheduled prenatal blood pressure checks and urine tests. If the mother has one reading of a high blood pressure she may be asked to come in more often to check her blood pressure so she can be monitored more closely (Mayo Clinic, Sept. 2006). The protein test for urine is important and if the test comes back even 1+ on the dipstick of a clean catch the doctor may order a twenty four hour urine collection to determine whether there is protein leaking from the kidneys (Sarah Henry, 2004). Lab studies such as complete blood count (CBC), thrombocytopenia (disorder where there are not enough platelets), hemoconcentration (increased concentration of cells and solids in the blood), liver functions tests, serum cretonne (measures the amount of creatinine in the blood), uric acid (used to evaluate the blood) and elevated PT may be ran to see if the patient has Preeclampsia. The doctor may also order an ultrasonography for fetal assessment (Wagner, LK, Family Physician, 2004). Most women with Preeclampsia give birth to healthy babies. Complications that may occur are lack of blood flow to the placenta and the problem with that is the baby may receive less oxygen and nutrients, which can lead to slow growth, low birth weight, preterm still birth and placental abruption. Placental abruption is when the placenta separates from the inner wall of the uterus before delivery. If it is severe abruption it can cause heavy bleeding (which can be deadly for the mother and baby), HELLP syndrome and Eclampsia (Mayo Clinic, 2007). Other complications of Preeclampsia are abruption placentae disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, renal insufficiency or failure, Hemolysis, ventricular arrhythmia, elevated liver enzymes, low platelet count, cerebral hemorrhage, fetal growth retardation, and death of the mother and/or baby (Dawn C. Jung, 2006). Prevention of Preeclampsia is still not known, there are some things that may make it less likely to occur. The most important thing that can be done is to keep all prenatal appointments with the doctor, since the condition is usually most often detected during these visits. A good thing to do is for the mother to participate in her own care: fond out her usual blood pressure (before pregnancy) and then she should ask what her blood pressure is at each visit. Also she should ask if there is protein is her urine, if yes then how much (Sarah Henry, 2004)? There are currently no known treatments other then delivery of the baby. If the mother is near the end of her pregnancy the doctor may decide to put her on bed rest to give the baby more time to grow and mature. The rules for bed rest depend on each individual’s case. If it is a mild case the mother may be able to stay at home and monitor her own blood pressure as well as going to see her doctor a couple of times a week. The doctor will tell her how much she is able to get up and what her activities should include. The patient should be very clear on what her restrictions are. She should prepare her resting room, if she chooses to rest in her bedroom or living room, etc. she should have everything set up around her within reach. The hours in the day will seem very long so the patient should try and organize her day, set a routine, have specific times for television, reading, and even telephone use. It might be a good idea to stay on the same times for meals and bedtime. The l ast thing she could is to take up a hobby such as scrap booking, knitting, painting, etc. (Mayo Clinic, 2006). In more severe cases of Preeclampsia the mother may have to be on bed rest in the hospital. The patient may have to do stress tests or biophysical profiles to monitor the baby’s well being. If there is a low amount it is a sign that the blood supply to the baby is inadequate and the mother may have to deliver the baby. Most of the women who have Preeclampsia are closely monitored and their doctors will not let them go past their fortieth week of pregnancy because of the risks to the baby. The readiness of the cervix- whether it’s beginning to dilate, efface, or ripen may also be a determining factor on when the doctor will deliver the baby (Mayo Clinic, 2006). The doctor may have to induce labor or perform a caesarean section is the Preeclampsia is severe enough. It all depends on the health of the mother and the unborn baby. In cases like these the benefits of delivering the baby early are better then the risks of waiting. During the delivery the mother may be given magnesium sulfate intravenously to boost uterine blood flow and avoid seizures (Mayo Clinic, 2006). Corticosteroids may benefit the women with Preeclampsia. Powerful corticosteroid medications can temporarily improve liver and platelet functioning in women with severe Preeclampsia. These medications might be able to lengthen pregnancy in situations where the baby is to young for delivery in terms of gestational development. Corticosteroids may also be able to make the baby’s lungs more mature in as little as forty-eight hours (Mayo Clinic, 2006). The impact on the baby when the mother has Preeclampsia depends on the degree of severity of the disease. The most common impact is the baby will be undernourished as a result of utero-placental vascular insufficiency, which leads to growth retardation. The baby’s health as well as weight is compromised, leading to various degrees of fetal morbidity, and possibly fetal death (Alicia M. Lapidus, OBGYN, 1999). There have been long term follow up studies and the results are that the baby is more likely to develop hypertension, coronary artery disease, and diabetes when they become adults. Studies are still in progress on the impact of the fetus (Alicia M. Lapidus, OBGYN, 1999). Eclampsia is a complication of Preeclampsia and it comes from the Greek word â€Å"ek† meaning â€Å"out† and the Greek word â€Å"lampein† meaning â€Å"to flash†, put the two words together and you get â€Å"to flash out† (Med Friendly). Eclampsia is a life threatening condition of pregnancy. In some cases comas or seizures may be the first signs that are acknowledged in a woman already diagnosed with Preeclampsia (eMedicine Health, 2006). Eclampsia is not as common as Preeclampsia it occurs in about one of every two thousand to three thousand pregnancies (Dominic Marchiano, MD, 2004). Eclampsia like Preeclampsia is not well understood. It involves a multi-system complication of pregnancy that significantly contributes to maternal morbidity and mortality (BMJ, 2005). The systems included are the cardiovascular system (CVS), renal system, and the central nervous system (CNS) (Stephanie R. Fugate, DO, 2005). The CVS derangements caused Eclampsia include generalized vasospasm, which is a sudden constriction of an artery leading to a decrease in its width and in the amount of blood it can deliver. Increased peripheral vascular resistance, increased left ventricular stroke work index, decreased central venous pressure, and decreased pulmonary wedge pressure. Renal system includes decreased glomeruler filtration tare, decreased renal plasma flow, and decreased uric acid clearance. The central nervous system includes problems with cerebral edema and cerebral hemorrhage (Stephanie R. Fugate, DO, 2005). Signs of Eclampsia are seizures, severe agitation, and unconsciousness for an unpredictable period of time, possible musculoskeletal aches and pains after an event caused by trauma. Other signs are involuntary movements, the relaxation phase of deep-tendon reflexes may be longer, breathing may come to an end for brief periods, physical evidence of trauma may be eminent, and an eye examination may not retinal changes caused by hypertension. About twenty percent of women who have Eclampsia only have slight change in blood pressure, and that may be there only sign (Web MD, 2007). The risk of Eclampsia is random and is not always physical signs so the doctor may give an anticonvulsant medication during labor to prevent seizures. Magnesium sulfate is a common choice of doctors to help control seizures. Medications might be used to lower blood pressure during pregnancy and the goal is to manage the condition of the mother until she is at least thirty-six weeks pregnant. The condition will be resolved when the baby is delivered or shortly after (Dominic Marchiano, MD, 2004). There are no known treatments for Eclampsia. If possible the doctor wants to keep the mother pregnant for as long as possible, so he may decide to put her on bed rest. Delivery is the only known treatment for Eclampsia. Causes that the doctor may decide to induce the mother are; diastolic blood pressure is greater then 110mm Hg for a six hour period of time, persistent or severe headaches, stomach pain, abnormal liver function tests, rising serum creatinine, HELLP syndrome, fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema), thrombocytopenia (an abnormal decrease in the number of platelets in the circulatory blood), abnormal fetal heart pattern, and failure of fetal growth that is obvious on the ultrasound (Dominic Marchiano, MD, 2004). The complications of Eclampsia are as many as fifty six percent of patients may have brief deficits, including loss of sight due to organic lesions in the visual cortex. Most women do not develop long-term abnormal conditions from eclamptic seizures, but their cases should be followed closely by their doctors for resolution of symptoms (Rosen P., 1998). Serious complications include liver failure, kidney failure, lung failure, bleeding of the brain, a build up of fluid in the lungs, and pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs due to infection). Other complications are Hemolysis (a break down of red blood cells with discharge of hemoglobin), hypofibrinogenemia (an abnormal deficiency of fibrinogen in the blood that causes bleeding to stop), bleeding in the retina (a delicate, multilayered, light sensitive membrane lining the inner eyeball and connected to the optic nerve to the brain), temporary blindness, and abrupt placentae; a sac-shaped organ that attaches the embryo or fetus to the uterus, which is when the placenta separates in pregnancy of twenty weeks or more. The placenta is important to the fetus because it is the organ which links the blood supply to the fetus and by which the baby can release wastes (Med Friendly, 2007). The most severe complication of Eclampsia is that the mother and/or baby die. About ten percent of the mothers die from this disease and thirty three to fifty percent of the babies die, typically because they are not getting enough oxygen. Characteristically, of these deaths about half take place before birth and the other half after birth (Med Friendly, 2007). The most serious complication of Preeclampsia besides death is the HELLP syndrome. H stands for Hemolysis (rupture of red blood cells); EL stands for Elevated Liver enzymes in the blood (reflecting liver damages); LP stands for Low blood levels of Platelets (specialized cells which are vital for normal clotting), in which there is a combined liver and blood clotting disorder. This condition occurs in mid-second trimester of pregnancy, and up to eight percent of women it occurs in is after the baby is born. The HELLP syndrome can also occur on its own, with out ever having Preeclampsia. Women who have this syndrome may have problems with bleeding, high blood pressure or liver problems that can hurt both the mother and/or the baby (Internet Health Library, 2005). Comparison of risk factors for the HELLP syndrome and Preeclampsia (Maureen O’Hara Padden LCDR, MC, USN, 1999): HELLP Syndrome Preeclampsia Multiparous Nulliparous Maternal age greater than 25 years of age Maternal age less than 20 years or greater than45 years White race Family history of Preeclampsia History of poor pregnancy outcome Minimal prenatal care diabetes mellitusChronic hypertension Multiple gestation Any pregnant woman can get the HELLP syndrome. Most of the women who get this illness have high blood pressure, but this is not always the case. The most common people who get this are women who are white and over the age of 25, if they have had children previously or if there was a problem in a past pregnancy such as Preeclampsia (Maureen O’Hara Padden, 1999). ‘Key abnormalities include vasoconstriction (constriction of a blood vessel), increased vascular tone, platelet aggregation (the attachment of platelets to one another) and an alteration of the thromboxane (any of several compounds, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood) and prostacyclin (a prostaglandin produced in the walls of blood vessels that acts as a vasodilator and inhibits platelet aggregation) ratio. The changes can be partly explained by the activation of complement and the coagulation (process of clot formation) cascade causing multi-organ endothelial and micro vascular injury, and resulting in microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, elevated liver enzymes (periportal and hepatic necrosis) and thrombocytopenia.’ (Egerman RS, Sibai BM, 1999) The most obvious signs of HELLP syndrome are nausea, epigastric pain (pain just below the ribs), or right upper quadrant pain (Sibai BM, 1993). Other symptoms include feeling tired and bad headaches. There may be swelling that occurs mostly in the face and hands, and on rare occasions bleeding from the gums and other places such as massive bleeding due to minor injuries (Maureen O’Hara Padden, 1999). There are diagnostic tests that can be done to find out if the patient has the HELLP syndrome. The first is hematocrit; it may be decreased or normal and is the last of the three abnormalities to appear. If the finding of a serum haptoglobin level is decreased the mother will have to have continuing Hemolysis until the hematocrit is normal. The serum transaminase levels may be as high as four thousand U per L, but milder elevations are nothing out of the ordinary. The platelet counts can drop as sow as six thousand per mm3, but if there is any platelet count less then one hundred and fifty per mm3 to be watched by the doctor. The platelet count is the best way to recognize the HELLP syndrome. Laboratory abnormalities typically get worse after delivery of the baby and hit the highest point at twenty four to forty eight hours after the baby is born. The high levels of lactate dehydrogenase level signals the beginning changes for the better and successive normalization of the platelet c ount (Maureen O’Hara Padden, LCDR, MC, USN, 1999). There are two classifications systems that are used to identify the HELLP syndrome. The first one is based on the number of abnormalities that are there. In this system this system the patients are classified as having partial HELLP syndrome, which is just one or two of the abnormalities. The class 2 HELLP syndromes are the full HELLP syndromes are at a greater risk of complications, which include DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation), then the women with class one or partial HELLP syndrome. The patients with full HELLP syndrome should be considered for the delivery of the baby within forty-eight hours (Maureen O’Hara Padden, LCDR, MC, USN, 1999). Typically in the past, the deliveries of patients with the HELLP syndrome were routinely proficient by a cesarean section (C-section). The patients that had the full HELLP syndrome superimposed DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation), or a C-section then 32 weeks should deliver a gestation that is less. A trial labor is appropriate in patients that have mild to moderate HELLP syndrome and if they are stable, have an approving cervix and are at least 32 weeks pregnant (Maureen O’Hara Padden, LCDR, MC, USN, 1999). The treatment of HELLP syndrome is determined by the physician and will be based on: your pregnancy and overall health and medical history, extent of the disease, the patients tolerance for specific medications, procedures and therapies, expectations for the course of the disease and the opinion of the patient. Treatments may include: bed rest, hospitalization because specialized personnel and equipment may be necessary, blood transfusions, magnesium sulfate, antihypertensive medications and fetal monitoring to check the health of the baby (UVa Health, 2006). The doctor may decide to check the baby while the mother is still pregnant, and these may include fetal movement count- keeping track of the baby’s kicks and movements. A change in this number or regularity might mean the baby is under stress. A nonstress testing, which is a test that combines nonstress testing with ultrasound to observe the baby. A Doppler flow study is a type of ultrasound that uses sound waves to measure the flow of blood through a blood vessel (UVa Health, 2006). The patients that are diagnosed with HELLP syndrome should be treated with corticosteroids regularly. The antenatal administration of dexamethasone (Decadron) in a high dosage of 10 mg through an IV every 12 hours has been shown to clearly make the laboratory abnormalities connected with the HELLP syndrome get better. The mothers treated with this drug show signs of longer time for delivery. Steroids that are sometimes given do not classically prevent the worsening of laboratory abnormalities after delivery; patients who get the steroids postpartum make the laboratory abnormalities resolve quicker. Patients should also be treated with magnesium sulfate to prevent one of the complications, which are seizures. If the patients blood pressure remains high (greater then 160/110 mm Hg) even after the magnesium sulfate is used they should use antihypertensive therapy. This will make the risk of maternal cerebral hemorrhage, placental abruption and seizures less likely to occur (Maureen Oâ⠂¬â„¢Hara Padden, LCDR, MC, USN, 1999). The complications of HELLP syndrome are seizures, which occur as a result of restricted blood flow to the organs caused by high blood pressure Anemia, which is caused by the breakdown of red blood cells, problems with blood clotting, including Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation that cause internal hemorrhaging, placental abruption, difficulty breathing which can be caused by fluid buildup in the lungs. Then there is liver damage or failure, kidney damage or failure and stroke (Pregnancy info, 2007). Patients who have the HELLP syndrome are at a greater risk of danger then the babies. The compromised body functions can cause liver failure, heart failure or stroke. The baby’s health is threatened because the decline of blood flow can cause placental separation and lower birth weight, and because the baby ultimately will have to be delivered prematurely The greater part of baby’s born to mothers with this syndrome do very well (Christine Fisher Guy, 2005). If the baby weighs more then a thousand grams when they are born the survival weight and the time they stay at the hospital are similar to baby’s born at about the same birth weight to mothers that do not have the HELLP syndrome, and there are not usually any long term effects on the baby. If the baby weighs less then a thousand grams at birth the news is not as good. The studies that have been conducted have shown that the baby will probably have to stay in the hospital longer and may even have to be on a ventilator. The studies show that these smaller babies have a decreased chance of living compared to babies of the same birth weight to mothers with Eclampsia. The same studies declare that the prenatal mortality from HELLP syndrome ranges from 7.7 percent to 60 percent. The most common cause of these deaths is recognized by abruption of the placenta prematurely separating, intrauterine asphyxia (when the baby does not get enough oxygen), and extreme prematurity (HELLP syndr ome society, 2005). Prevention of the HELLP syndrome is not known at this time. The only thing the patient can do is to know the warning signs and to be well informed on them. The patient should also keep regular check ups with their health care provider, and if they get the HELLP syndrome they can receive treatment and hopefully try to prevent this disease from getting worse (UVa Health, 2006). The most common medical complication of pregnancy is hypertension. The women diagnosed with the HELLP syndrome, Eclampsia, and Preeclampsia presents a variety of management issues. Regardless of the diagnosis, severe Preeclampsia, the HELLP syndrome, or Eclampsia can intensely affect the woman and her unborn baby. The underlying pathophysiology must be evaluated and treated with both patients in mind at all times. The main goal for all of these diseases is to keep the mother pregnant for as long as possible. She may be given magnesium sulfate or an anticonvulsant to help her stay pregnant. Both the mother and baby will be closely monitored, and if the mother is close to the end of her pregnancy or if the baby is in distress the doctor may decide to induce labor or do a C-section. The most important thing is to make sure that both parties are doing well until the baby is delivered and they are both out of harms way. Research Papers on Preeclampsia, Eclampsia, Capital PunishmentBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductMind TravelThe Spring and Autumn

Immigration Reform Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Immigration Reform - Essay Example For instance, the statement made by President Barrack Obama gave a clear indication that immigration reforms was a weighty issues that required adequate deliberation for the sake of the U.S. global competitiveness. The US government has noted that Mexico border has acted as an entry point of illegal immigrants in the United (Grossmann 193). In my opinion, immigration reform would change the face of United States labor market. Immigration reform debate seeks to identify amicable methods of solving immigration problems in the United States. Immigrants willing to come into America for whatever reasons should seek a Visa. This is the requirement provided by the immigration laws of the United States of America. Notably, many immigrants that come to United States seek this process. However, after stepping into the United States, some fail to show up to the authority after the expiry of their visas. The second category of immigrants that United States house, are immigrants who illegally cross the border of Mexico. The third category of immigrants is those who have followed legal channel to get into the United States, and are in the United States legally. These categories make immigration reform a complex issue, which requires policies which argue on a broad spectrum. Arguably, solution to the immigration problem lies on proper policies that aim at bettering the current immigration situation (Coates 40). Social contract perspective argues in favor of the role of the government and the relationship that exists between the government and its subject (Stacy 123). The role of government in instituting policies that guide immigration reforms is quite elaborate in this perspective. In representative governance, a body that governs a particular segment of the society must take charge as per the mandate bestowed upon it. In this case, the body charged with the reform agenda has to weigh the gravity of the issue and recommend or execute

Challenges of Programming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Challenges of Programming - Essay Example Specifically, the subsection on Nonlinear Programming included a discussion of profit graphs with nonproportional relationships. For the subsection on Decision Analysis, different decision criteria were explained. The subsection on Forecasting has a detailed discussion on forecasting techniques. The subsection on Queuing tackled different queuing systems. At the end of every subsection, the author reacts to the issues at hand. Managers can count on a number of quantitative decision making methods that can aid them in coming up with a set of sound judgments as the need arises. These methods include Nonlinear Programming, Decision Analysis, Forecasting, and Queuing. The following subsections will provide a discussion of these methods and the text of Hillier and Hillier (2010) was used extensively. Linear Programming is a subclass of mathematical programming that uses â€Å"straight-line† or linear relationships among the constraints and objective functions (Gass, 2003). The problem falls under Nonlinear programming when at least one of these relationships is nonlinear in nature. Thus, Linear Programming assumes a proportional relationship between activity levels and overall measure of performance while Nonlinear Programming is used to model nonproportional relationships. There are four (4) types of profit graphs associated with nonproportional relationships. First, the Decreasing Marginal Returns wherein the dependent variable increases at a decreasing rate as the dependent variable increases. Second, the Piecewise Linear which consists of a sequence of connected line segments. Third, the graph of Discontinuities which suddenly jumps up or down. Fourth, the Increasing Marginal Returns wherein the dependent variable increases at an increasing rate. Decision Analysis uses a methodological approach to rationally addressing management problems that are much more complicated and display higher levels of uncertainty

Paula and Christina’s Haunted Adventures Essay Example for Free

Paula and Christina’s Haunted Adventures Essay The night was very chilly and all the kids were running, laughing, and having a lot of fun at the third grade’s fall festival. The Roosevelt Elementary school decided to do a haunted house maze. The haunted maze was pitched black and filled with gory decorations. One room had a bed with a dead woman laying on it and the walls were stained with blood. In another section of the maze was a cemetery, where zombies were walking by. The haunted house maze also had a garage where a car was parked and there was also room filled toys and with many clowns. The children of Roosevelt Elementary were thrill to go inside wondering what they would encounter and how scary it might be. There were two little girls, barely nine year’s old, seeking the frightening adventure, but they were also very scared. One of the little girls was shivering with fear and she slowly walked from room to room looking at the decorations and the scary people. She knew this was make-believe, but she was still very cautious. The other little girl had made her way into the room where the dead woman was laying on the bed. She slowly tried to make her way across the room to the other door. She never noticed the woman rising from the bed and was walking towards her very rapidly. The dead, bloody woman touch the little girl, which made her scream and take off running. The little girl ran as fast as she could, turning all corners until she ran straight into the other little girl. They both ended up falling to the ground. Looking up, they both smiled at one another. One little girl says, â€Å"Hi, my name is Paula Ramirez. † The other little girl replies, â€Å"Sorry for running into you, my name is Christina Lopez. Paula and Christina help each other get up from the ground and agree to finish the haunted house maze together. They felt less scared and even laugh at some of the scary people. As they are exiting the haunted house maze, Paula tells Christina â€Å"wow, this was so much fun†. Christina replies, Paula let’s make a pact, every year we will seek a scary haunted house and we will both go together†. Paula smiles and agrees. Since then Paula and Christina have become best friends and they search for scary haunted houses to visit every year. The family vanishes in 1925 leaving the sole survivor James Clark. Christina does not read the paragraph, but smiles and turns to Paula and says â€Å"perfect†. The two girls get together every day preparing for the trip they will make to the haunted house. They go to the mall and shop for costumes. They buy food so they can take for the road, and plan on when they should head to the haunted house. The night of the haunted house arrives and Christina goes to Paula’s house. Paula is sitting in her room when Christina enters and asks, Paula â€Å"Are you ready? Paula replies â€Å"of course† Then, the two girls go down the stairs, out the house and enter Paula’s car. Paula drives thirty miles and arrives and Saddle Creek Ranch where the haunted house is located. The yard is filled with many trees and with old rusted decorations on the lawn. The house has busted windows, and the painting of the house is falling apart. Paula notices that there is two boys standing in the entrance of the house. Paula and Christina exit the car and make their way to the boys. One boy says â€Å"Come on Erik, stop being scare and let’s go in already. Erik replied â€Å"Scott, if you are so tough you open the door†. Just as soon as Scott was going to touch the door knob the door swings open and a tall dark figure stands there looking at them. The tall dark figure steps forward and says â€Å"Do you dare to enter? Beware this may be you last hallows eve† â€Å"YES! † replied all four of them. Paula and Christina follow the two boys and the tall man into the house. The man leads them into the living room and directs them to stand in a circle. He looks at each one, studying them from head to toe. He says â€Å"My name is Mr. Clark; Saddle Creek Ranch is y family’s home. They lived here many years until they all vanish one night, but you can still hear them, and if they want you to, you can definitely see them†. He goes on to give directions and instructions how to enter the house, and to exit the house. When Paula and Christina turn to see each other, Mr. Clark vanishes. A light turns on and leads the group into the kitchen, you hear can hear the water running but the water is off; Paula grabs Christina’s hands and says â€Å"this house is different†. The sound of people talking suddenly starts and is very loud that makes Scott jump up. The group makes their way to the door but the light to the kitchen turns off and then turns on again and leads them to the dining room. As they enter the room the talking suddenly dies down, and a chair is thrown to the group. As the group separates to avoid being hit, the lights go out and it is so dark that Paula cannot see where Christina is at. BANG. Suddenly the lights turn on and Paula looks for Christina, Erik calls out to Scott but he is nowhere to be found. Paula and Christina start to get worried and scare sets in. Erik starts to whimper, and continues to call for Scott but his call is not answered. Paula and Christina continue to make their way out the dining room and Erik follows. The lights to a hallway turn on and the group passes many rooms, and walk down some stairs. They reach a door it creeks open, Christina turns towards Paula and says, â€Å"Paula let’s not go in, we should turn around and go back†, before Paula can reply, Erik replies â€Å"let’s just continue this could be the end†. Erik pushes the door open, the room is completely dark, and the lights do not turn on like before. Suddenly a rustling and whimpering sound begins Christina is so frightened that she begins to cry. Paula hold Christina’s hand so tight and tries to reassure her that everything will be okay. The sounds get louder and louder and suddenly â€Å"BANG†. Paula and Christina stop walking, the lights turn on, both girls try to search and look around to see where and what room they are in. Paula is the first to notice that they are in the basement but someone is missing, Erik is nowhere to be found. Christina falls to the floor and begins to sob very loud and yells â€Å"Paula, let’s get out, I do not want to be in here anymore! Paula holds back her tears and replies, â€Å"Christina we will be okay, I will get us out, I promise†. Paula begins to look for something that can be a used as weapon, and looks for an exit. Paula finds a hammer, and notices a window. She rushes to it, and then the lights go out again. Seconds pass by but to Paula it seems like an eternity, she calls Christina’s name, â€Å"I am here† replies Christina. The lights turn on again; Paula looks to find Christina, and sees Mr. Clark holding her with a knife to her throat. â€Å"Did you think I was being funny when I said this would be your last hollows eve? Mr. Clark asked Paula. Paula replies â€Å"this trip was meant to be fun I never imagine it would be like this. † Mr. Clark looks at her and gives her an evil smile. Then, he says to Paula, â€Å"Let’s play a game, if you win you and your friend may leave, but if you lose you and your friend must stay forever. † Paula thinks for a long minute and nods her head up and down. He looks at Paula for a moment and says â€Å"Answer me this if you are correct you and your friend may go. Am I alive or is this your imagination? † Paula stares at Mr. Clark and responses â€Å"you are alive†. Mr.  Clark laughs, â€Å"Child, how can I be alive if I died in 1963† replies Mr. Clark. Paula begins to cry along with Christina, and mouths the words â€Å"I am sorry†. The lights turn off again, bang, bang, bang. Paula holds her hands out trying to feel for Christina; the lights turn back on again. Mr. Clark is nowhere to be found. Paula grabs Christina’s hand and yells â€Å"hurry, the window, now! † Paula and Christina, crawl out the window, look to see where the car is parked and ran towards it. The girls quickly get in, crying and scare. Paula turns the car on, put it in gear and head out the ranch. As both Paula and Christina seat in the car crying for a long while Paula breaks the silence and says â€Å"Christina, promise me that this will be our last haunted house†. Christina replies â€Å"definitely, Paula this was our last one†. The girls continue to drive on the dark road, without realizing the road does not end. Then Christina turns to Paula and asks â€Å"Paula, are we getting closer to your house now? † Paula looks at the road and realizes it’s the road to Saddle Creek ranch. Paula realizes what has happened and turns to Christina and says â€Å"Christina, I am sorry but Saddle Creek ranch is our home now. †

Chuck Jones, Producer, Director, Animator :: essays papers

Chuck Jones, Producer, Director, Animator Chuck Jones was born on September 21, 1912. Jones entered the animation industry in 1932 as a cel washer at Ubbe Iwerks Studio after graduating from the Chouinard Art Institute (now California Institute of Arts). He joined the Leon Schlesinger Studio, later sold to Warner Bros., as an animator in 1936. There, Jones was assigned to Tex Avery’s animation unit. In 1938, at the age of 25, he directed his first animated film â€Å"The Night Watchman.† Jones remained at Warner Bros. animation until it closed in 1962, though he had a brief stint with Disney Studios in 1955 during a break at Warner Bros. In 1966, while heading up the animation division at MGM Studios, Jones directed one of the most memorable holiday television specials ever produced, â€Å"Dr Seuss’ How the Grinch Stole Christmas.† First aired on Sunday, December 18, 1966, the half-hour special was met with glowing reviews from newspapers across the country and has since become one of the most beloved holiday programs on television. Translating â€Å"Dr. Seuss’ book into animation was not a easy as it looks. With great persistency and a little charm, director and co-producer, Chuck Jones, had finally convinced his old friend Ted Geisel (author of the book) to give him a shot at How the Grinch Stole Christmas. Ted and Chuck were always fans of each other’s work. Ted was reluctant to have anyone animate his books, so he wanted it done carefully and well. Chuck Jones and Ted Geisel first met doing the Private Snafu cartoons about a goof-up soldier made by Warner Bros. for the army between 1943 and 1945. When you read How The Grinch Stole Christmas, it takes about 10 minutes. Chuck Jones’ challenge was making those same rhyming couplets and drawings come alive for television. Jones worked hard to create the Grinch model based on Dr. Suess’ book. Geisel was not always entirely satisfied, but knew Chuck well enough to trust him with the character design and the story to make an attractive half hour special. Making character animation without any CGI enhancements is an expensive offer, but Chuck insisted on doing it correctly and using the best animators, Maurice Noble, Auril and Richard Thompson, Hall Ashmead and Phil Roman. Good character animation costs $110,000 - $150,000 per minute, multiply that by 20 and you realize the money involved. Chuck Jones, Producer, Director, Animator :: essays papers Chuck Jones, Producer, Director, Animator Chuck Jones was born on September 21, 1912. Jones entered the animation industry in 1932 as a cel washer at Ubbe Iwerks Studio after graduating from the Chouinard Art Institute (now California Institute of Arts). He joined the Leon Schlesinger Studio, later sold to Warner Bros., as an animator in 1936. There, Jones was assigned to Tex Avery’s animation unit. In 1938, at the age of 25, he directed his first animated film â€Å"The Night Watchman.† Jones remained at Warner Bros. animation until it closed in 1962, though he had a brief stint with Disney Studios in 1955 during a break at Warner Bros. In 1966, while heading up the animation division at MGM Studios, Jones directed one of the most memorable holiday television specials ever produced, â€Å"Dr Seuss’ How the Grinch Stole Christmas.† First aired on Sunday, December 18, 1966, the half-hour special was met with glowing reviews from newspapers across the country and has since become one of the most beloved holiday programs on television. Translating â€Å"Dr. Seuss’ book into animation was not a easy as it looks. With great persistency and a little charm, director and co-producer, Chuck Jones, had finally convinced his old friend Ted Geisel (author of the book) to give him a shot at How the Grinch Stole Christmas. Ted and Chuck were always fans of each other’s work. Ted was reluctant to have anyone animate his books, so he wanted it done carefully and well. Chuck Jones and Ted Geisel first met doing the Private Snafu cartoons about a goof-up soldier made by Warner Bros. for the army between 1943 and 1945. When you read How The Grinch Stole Christmas, it takes about 10 minutes. Chuck Jones’ challenge was making those same rhyming couplets and drawings come alive for television. Jones worked hard to create the Grinch model based on Dr. Suess’ book. Geisel was not always entirely satisfied, but knew Chuck well enough to trust him with the character design and the story to make an attractive half hour special. Making character animation without any CGI enhancements is an expensive offer, but Chuck insisted on doing it correctly and using the best animators, Maurice Noble, Auril and Richard Thompson, Hall Ashmead and Phil Roman. Good character animation costs $110,000 - $150,000 per minute, multiply that by 20 and you realize the money involved.

Breaking Family Ties

Thai Ngo Barbara Estermann English 96 February 25, 2013 â€Å"Breaking Family Ties† Norman Rockwell’s â€Å"Breaking Family Ties† gives us a look into the change of the post Great Depression and World War II generation. How America itself had changed so much in the passed 25 years from the greatest economic depression to being the greatest country on earth. It also shows the heartbreaking moment of a boy preparing to leave his father and dog and be on his own for the first time.The father, tired from a life of hard works, sacrificed everything so that his son can go to college; the young man, representing the post Great Depression and World War II generation, is making a better life than what his father had by getting higher education. In Norman Rockwell’s painting â€Å"Breaking Family Ties†, a boy sits with his father and dog preparing to leave for college. The young man and his father sit on a board of the family farm truck. At the bottom corner of the painting, shows a single rail. Suggesting that they are waiting for a train. On the ground is the son’s suitcase with a â€Å"State U† sticker.Books are stacked on top of the suitcase. The young man has his tie and socks perfectly matched, and is wearing white trouser and matching jacket. Sitting with his hand folded, the young man looked eagerly toward the train track, ready for the next chapter in his life. His father; however, sits slumped with his and his son’s hats in his hand as if he didn’t want the son to leave. The father looked at the opposite direction of the rail; as if he didn’t want to see the train come and take his son away. Although the father and son are looking in opposite direction, the sense of family bond is still strong.The father, probably in his late fifty, has been through the Great Depression and World War II; values his family more. The generation coming out of the Depression and World War II has been through some of the greatest challenges this country had ever faced. They worked hard their whole life, and now all they want is for their children to have a better life than they. Norman Rockwell perfectly describe the generation shift in â€Å"Breaking Family Ties† as the father, old beyond his years, sacrificed everything so that his son can go to college.He does not want to see his son leave, because he is everything to him. Still, he knows that his son must leave to grow up and be independent. The son, treated like royalty by the father, is ready to move on to the next chapter in his life and be away from the protection of his father. The painting gives mix emotion because of the two different emotions of the main characters. Norman Rockwell shows the differences between the two-generation through the father and son. The experience of leaving you’re parents and being on your own is universal to everyone.The universal message in â€Å"Breaking Family Ties† is being inde pendent for the first time. I was seventeen when I left home by myself to go to college. Preparing to leave home, I was like the boy in â€Å"Breaking Family Ties† eager to move on to the next chapter in my life and to be independent. I was only thinking of myself, and not how leaving would affect my parents. My parents were sad to see me leave, but they knew that I was making a better life for myself by going to college. Just like the Father in â€Å"Breaking Family Ties†. Leaving home for me was the beginning of a new chapter in my life.While for my parents, it was seeing me grow up too fast. Norman Rockwell’s perfectly showed the heartbreaking moment and a son leaving to be on his own for the first time. He also reminded America of how much our country had changed with the two generations. Like all of Norman Rockwell’s works, everything in â€Å"Breaking Family Ties† has a meaning behind it. Which is I can relate to it even if it was painted yea rs before I was born. Norman Rockwell is one of America greatest artist because of the universal meanings behind his works.

Marcel Duchamp Pablo Picasso and Andy Warhole

The artistic exchange of ideas and influences can profoundly affect the art world'- Explore this statement with reference to a range of artists and artworks. Artistic exchange is a conceptual idea involving the exchange of artistic methods, ideas, and other elements of an artist's practice; and if an artist is a pioneer or an innovator, their ideas can resonate through exchange to transform the entire art world. Throughout the 20th Century the shaping of the art world came into play through ideas, expression, education and one result of this was the age ofModernism. There was much social ad political unrest sweeping through Europe, during the beginning of the twentieth century which contributed to the breaking of the traditional art barriers. The works of Pablo Picasso, Marcel Decamp and Andy Warhol strongly affected the art world with their individual yet diverse techniques and styles. These artists broke away from traditional art and its boundaries in order to exchange ideas and co nventions regarding the aesthetics which opposed accepted societal standards.These ideas were profoundly influenced the art world. Marcel Duchess's art making practice was characterized by its humor, variety, the unconventionality of its media and its persistent exploration of art's boundaries. Decamp was involved with the avian-garden movements during the Modernist period, and as an iconoclast, he abandoned these artistic principles, with the aim of rejecting convention such as his distaste for art that was pleasing to the eye'. Works exemplifying these beliefs include Bicycle Wheel (1913) and L. H. O. O.Q (1919) which caused controversy over their acceptance as ‘art'. Bicycle Wheel is a redeemed (a tool supporting an upside-down bicycle wheel) that Decamp has decentralized as well as displacing its original function, thereby transforming an industrial, mass produced object into a work of art. Duchess's art making approach could be considered satirical, as it often ridiculed the ideals established by society. L. H. O. O. Q is an altered postcard of the Mona Lisa that Decamp has satirized by drawing a moustache and goatee on the face of this iconic figure.This notion of ‘defacing' a Ad Vinci masterpiece was very shocking to the art world during the early 20th century, revoking controversy as it was not handmade, but redeemed and ridiculous, thereby questioning what really defined art. The avian-garden character of Duchess's work influenced the art world by encouraging the critical question of what constitutes art. The influence of Duchess's ideas an practice have been imprinted in many of the works of American modernist Andy Warhol.Whorl's Campbell Soup Cans (1962) and Marilyn 1962 build on Duchess's concept of the redeemed and have inspired a genre of artworks that employ the techniques of reclassification and appropriation. As a leading artist of the sass's Pop Art movement, Warhol was revolutionary in his appropriation of popular culture. Whorl' s work explored the processes of silk screening, and for the first time was using assistants to produce artworks. The process of silk screening enabled Warhol to investigate mass- production techniques, which is evidenced in his work through his use of repetition, cropping, overprinting and the use of the grid.Warhol used a â€Å"ready made† image of Marilyn Monroe from a commercial publicity shot, and then altered this appropriated image. Warhol plays with reclassification in a similar fashion to Decamp. Warhol takes this idea further than simply rejecting past values by persuading the audience to question the relationship between culture and the media, and to define the sass's perception of celebrity. Whorl's artworks mimic the processes and subject matter of mass production. This artwork signals a loss of individuality for Marilyn Monroe: she is a multiple and she is banal, yet Marilyn is symbolically a most potent American icon.Whorl's artworks, particularly portraits, ar e a social chronicle of the time. Whorl's work titled Campbell Soup Cans(1962) also stems from the concept of appropriation and the redefining of context. ‘Campbell Soup Cans' appropriates images from popular American culture, exploring the idea of combining art and centralization. Warhol has used polymer paint and silkscreen ink on plywood to replicate the once mass-produced sales product. In making this decision, Warhol has consciously blurred the line between art and consumerism.This particular concept had a profound impact on the art world due to its disputed classification as art – categorized by some as ‘merchandise'. The similarities between the thought processes of Marcel Decamp and Andy Warhol how a distinct exchange in artistic ideas, resulting in profound works which question the established standards of the art world. In exploring the evolution of these artists and their ideas, the profound impact and importance of artistic exchange becomes clear. Artw orks by Pablo Picasso show a clear breach of artistic boundaries to form new ideas.One of the most important roles in the development of modern art was Cubism. The origins of cubism started off with one of the biggest paintings that he had ever done and featured five women, each whose head looked as if it was on backwards. The painting was named Less Demolishes Davidson (1907). The five women portrayed were very ugly and distorted; causing controversy with the audience because they believed that it should have been depicted realistically and professionally, rather than â€Å"creating a mockery to art itself†.Picasso had broken all â€Å"the rules† while creating this painting, but his main goal was to paint the women from more than one angle at a time, hoping that the audience saw more than what meets the eye. This work was heavily criticized by the art world but Picasso broke away from convention, for what he believed was art. What made Picasso different from other ar tists of his time was that his art reflected his emotions in his personal life and the outside world. He was not afraid to push the boundaries reflecting on contentious and controversial issues such as war and peace.One of the issues that he painted from the Spanish civil war depicts a military revolt against the Republican government of Spain; which had polarize Spanish life and politics over previous decades. In April 1937, Germans who sided with the current dictator of Spain at the time, General Francisco Franco, bombed the town of Queering in northeast Spain, not far from where Picasso grew up. More than sixteen hundred people were killed and almost nine hundred more were injured.Outraged by the murder of all these innocent people, Picasso created his famous, Queering (1937), in blue, black, and white oil tones. The painting portrayed the suffering of people, animals, and buildings and the chaos. It showed a screaming horse, a fallen soldier, and a screaming woman on fire fallin g from a burning house and a mother holding a dead baby. According to Picasso, it was not up to the painter to define the symbols; otherwise, he would have Just written it in words. Queering overall represented the brutality of war in general.It's significant because people actually had to think about the image that they saw, and each perceived it in a different way. Picasso style of painting led people to look deep into the meanings of art rather than Just a superficial aesthetics. The audience were able to relate to Picasso tormented scene. Artistic exchange is a phenomenal act that allows ideas ad techniques to be shared between the art world and the audience. By comparing Marcel Decamp, Andy Warhol and the work of Pablo Picasso one can see how a visionary can affect the art oral.The many accomplishments of these artists not only impacted on the history of their time but the future of how the world saw art. They were involved in different movements in the art world which created a certain vitality for the artistic exchange of ideas and influences. The interchange of ideas and influences greatly affected Picasso , Decamp and Warhol , their artwork and their audiences. Artists shared artistic language allows them to build upon past concepts to produce innovative qualities which resonate through exchanges to greatly influence future generations of artists.

Hong Kongs Strengths and Weaknesses as a Conference Destination Essay

Hong Kong's Strengths and Weaknesses as a Conference Destination Essay Hong Kong's strengths and weaknesses as a conference destination Hong Kong, advanced in its geographic location and well-developed society and business environment, is regarded as a desirable destination for meetings, conferences and exhibitions. According to the Hong Kong Exhibition and Convention Industry Association, over 110 international exhibitions and conventions took place in Hong Kong in 2006, attracting 62,000 delegates and 5,200,000 buyers worldwide. International congresses and exhibitions, like the 6th WTO Ministerial Conference in 2005, 3G World Congress and Exhibition 2005 and The International Telecommunication Union Telecom World 2006, had enhanced and symbolized Hong Kong as a major international conference and exhibition center in the region. However, though Hong Kong is experienced in holding conferences and exhibitions, besides existing strong competitors like Singapore and Seoul, Macau is also an emerging competitor in Asia-Pacific market, and favored by international organizers. Therefore, Hong Kong needs a more in-depth und erstanding of its strengths and weaknesses, thus develops to be the leader in region. A successful conference hinges on several key elements like infrastructures, human factors, political and economic environment, and geographic. Experienced in the industry for over 30 years, Hong Kong has its strengths and weaknesses regarding these elements. In order to find out the way to success, these elements will be discussed. Hence, suggestions could be made for Hong Kong's strategic sustainable development in the industry. Successful factors As one of the most favored conference destination in Asia Pacific, Hong Kong depends on its unique geographic, complete infrastructure, experience and government support, which support Hong Kong to be an international conference and exhibition destination. Unique Geographic Environment As the Secretary of Commerce and Economic Development, Mr. Frederic MA Si-hang, said, Hong Kong has geographical advantages in the conference industry (Sing Tao Daily, 2007). Hong Kong locates in the central of the Asia-Pacific, where is on the midway from East to West. Most of the Asian and Oceania countries - like China, Japan, Taiwan, Singapore, Australia and India - are just within 7 hours away by air. It is convenient for both logistics and travelers. Besides, speaking of weather, bad weather would lead to cancellation or delay of a conference. It is important that destination's weather to be stable. Locating in the subtropics of the South Hemisphere, Hong Kong is usually warm, where the average temperature is between 22.5 to 24.5 degree Celsius, and the four seasons are distinct (HKO, 2007). Moreover, natural disasters, such as hurricane, earthquake or tsunami, are almost isolated from Hong Kong. Therefore, Hong Kong is a safe, timely, convenient and comfortable place for visit ors all over the world. World Class Meetings Facilities Hong Kong has two main conference and exhibition centers, which are the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Center (HKCEC), and Asia World-Expo (AWE), providing totally over 130,000 square meters rentable function space. In addition, AWE is planning to expand the venue, providing over 60,000 square meters more space. These centers can handle large scale conference and like WTO Ministerial Conference. In addition, HKCEC has been awarded as Best Convention and Exhibition Center in Asia Pacific in the 2007 and 2005 industry survey. HKCEC and AWE are capable to hold large scale functions, providing high tech equipments and facilities when the organizers need that. Live video conference, instant translation, and or any ad hoc tasks are possible in these top class venues. On the other hand, there are plenty of choices, such as hotels, for middle and small scale conference. Except the use as accommodations, several hotels have been designed or even redesigned to be capable for holding confe rences. For example, Mandarin Oriental provides business conference services with professional services. Complete equipments like visual and audio systems, computers, broadband and telecommunications are provided for conference users. These hotels might be efficient and convenient for organizers and attendees (Mandarin Oriental 2007). All in all, Hong Kong is equipped for meetings in all sizes. Convenient Transportations For external transportation, air plays an essential role. The Hong Kong international airport is one of the busiest airports on earth. This 24-hours airport provides services with over 85 airlines, over 5,000 flights per week to over 150 destinations (HKIA, 2007). Organizers and participants from Europe, Asia or Americas can travel to Hong Kong with a single flight at least. Materials can

Definition and Examples of Deductive Arguments

Definition and Examples of Deductive Arguments Deduction is a method of reasoning from the general to the specific. Also called deductive reasoning and  top-down logic. In a deductive argument, a conclusion follows necessarily from the stated premises. (Contrast with induction.) In logic, a deductive argument is called a syllogism. In rhetoric, the equivalent of the syllogism is the enthymeme.​ Etymology From Latin, leading Examples and Observations The fundamental property of a deductively valid argument is this: If all of its premises are true, then its conclusion must be true also because the claim asserted by its conclusion already has been stated in its premises, although usually only implicitly.Scientific Deduction and Rhetorical DeductionFor Aristotle, scientific deduction differs in kind from its  rhetorical  counterpart. True, both are conducted according to the laws of thought. But rhetorical deduction is  inferior for two reasons: it starts with uncertain premises, and it is enthymematic: it generally relies on audience presuppositions to supply missing premises and conclusions. Because conclusions cannot be more certain than their premises and because any argument is deficient in rigor that relies on audience participation for its completion, rhetorical deductions can yield at best only plausible conclusions. . . .Syllogisms and EnthymemesVery rarely in literary argument do reasoners make use of the complete sy llogism, except to render perfectly apparent the premises from which the conclusion is deduced, or to show some fault in reasoning. Deductive arguments take various forms. One premise, or even the conclusion, may not be expressed if obvious enough to be taken for granted; in this case, the syllogism is called an enthymeme. One of the premises may be conditional, which gives the hypothetical syllogism. A syllogistic argument may be involved in a statement with its reasons, or with its inferences, or may be diffused throughout an extended discussion. To argue effectively, with clearness and cogency, the reasoner must have his deductive framework clearly in mind at every point of his discussion, and keep it before the reader or hearer. Pronunciation di-DUK-shun Also Known As Deductive Argument Sources H. Kahane,  Logic and Contemporary Rhetoric, 1998Alan G. Gross,  Starring the Text: The Place of Rhetoric in Science Studies. Southern Illinois University Press, 2006Elias J. MacEwan,  The Essentials of Argumentation. D.C. Heath, 1898

My Career Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

My Career Plan - Essay Example The managerial position will enable me to gain the confidence needed so that I may be able to sharpen my skills in entrepreneurship and also consultancy. With proper experience and education, I will be able to maintain a successful business career in entrepreneurship which will require the understanding of the changing needs that affect the marketplace. I want to be able to come up with my own ideas on how to serve people better so that my services or goods add value to the customers (Ramsey, 150). The skills that I want to achieve will not only lead to the success of the business, but also to the success of me as an individual. Many people who are successful today have had challenges in one way or another, but they have managed to come on top of the business world by facing their fears and conquer them. Richard Branson and Bill Gates can be called entrepreneurs because they took the initiative to believe in themselves and now their businesses are flourishing globally. That is where I want to be headed as it is a one step in the right direction. They took their objectives, put them in place, managed themselves and ensured that their entrepreneurship skills paid off. Strategy to Achieve My Goals My first step is to get the ultimate satisfaction from my job and this means that I will progress much faster. There are people who complain about their jobs regarding many issues, but one thing they do not know is that it does not give them the lead way to achieving their goals and objectives (Ramsey, 278).... I want to have more responsibility and experience so that I can contribute to the success of the company and my employees. The managerial position will enable me to gain the confidence needed so that I may be able to sharpen my skills of entrepreneurship and also consultancy. With proper experience and education, I will be able to maintain a successful business career in entrepreneurship which will require the understanding of the changing needs that affect the marketplace. I want to be able to come up with my own ideas on how to serve people better so that my services or goods add value to the customers (Ramsey, 150). The skills that I want to achieve will not only lead to the success of the business, but also to the success of me as an individual. Many people who are successful today have had challenges in one way or another, but they have managed to come on top of the business world by facing their fears and conquer them. Richard Branson and Billy Gates can be called entrepreneurs because they took the initiative to believe in themselves and now their businesses are flourishing globally. That is where I want to be headed as it is a one step in the right direction. They took their objectives, put them in place, managed themselves and ensured that their entrepreneurship skills paid off. Strategy to Achieve My Goals My first step is to get the ultimate satisfaction from my job and this means that I will progress much faster. There are people who complain about their jobs regarding many issues, but one thing they do not know is that it does not give them the lead way to achieving their goals and objectives (Ramsey, 278). What I would want to keep in mind is that change is everything,

Investment Portfolio for Investors and Executives Analysis Essay

Investment Portfolio for Investors and Executives Analysis - Essay Example From the data, volatility is a measure of variation in the average trajectory leading to a risk. BOQ stocks have the highest variation at 27.08%. This implies that there is an increase in the interests hence the frequency of financial data is high leading to high volatility. HVN stocks have high volatility, as well. There is a decrease in volatility where BHP and ANZ stocks are low indicating a returns pattern which is in a stochastic process. As a result of nonparametric analysis, the pattern in the volatility changes because of financial returns making the volatility of WOW and ASX300 low. The rate of returns of TLS stock is high because the risk is considerable; ANZ and BHP follow as there expectation of growth is low due to high risk. BOQ and HVN stocks have a low growth rate expectation because they have a high risk unlike the rest of the stocks.All the stocks have a negative skewness where TLS has the most negative skewness. This is because of the risk while HVN has a negative skewness because the risk is low. TLS stocks have a high measure of kurtosis, due to high risk expectation while BOQ has a low measure of kurtosis because of the risk and growth rate being low.HVN Company shows a negative Mu while the volatility is positive, this applies for BOQ, BHP and WOW. There is a positive Mu for ANZ and TLS as well as the volatility. The results provide grounds for future decision making as well as the future behavior of the stock. The observations are constant at 531 from 2010 to 2012. Symbol Instant. Alpha Betas ASX300 HVN.AX -0.23 0.84 BOQ.AX -0.12 1.08 BHP.AX 0.04 1.23 ANZ.AX 0.07 1.14 TLS.AX 0.07 0.43 WOW.AX -0.05 0.46 ASX300 1.00 Analysis of alpha and beta Alpha is the measure of the residual risk, where in the data BHP, ANZ and TLS stocks have a high residual risk while HVN, BOQ and WOW stocks have a low residual risk. Beta is how sensitive the stock returns are to the outcome on the index of the market. The sensitivity of HVN stock is between zero and one implying that there is an investment having low volatility. BOQ, HBP and ANZ stocks are above one implying that the volatility of the stock is more than index. ASX300 stocks have a beta equal to one implying that there is a matching index (Prime, 2007). On the basis of detailed examination concerning each stock situation in ASX300, the security from each different section has makes contributions that vary to the investment income. From the smart folio, the six assets shown in the portfolio attain almost 4% of excess

Law of contract- Exclusion causes and privity Case Study

Law of contract- Exclusion causes and privity - Case Study Example Failure to meet such obligations, they will be liable for any damage. Such liability is strictly for the parties involved in a contract in exclusion to any third parties. The privity doctrine therefore stipulates that only the parties in a given contract can sue or be sued regarding the contract. This gives two different principles that can be derived from the doctrine. One is that any person or entity who is not a party in the contract does not have rights to enforce the contract and also that such a person is not bound by a contract in which he is not a party. It confers no rights or obligations to any except those engaged in a contract through agreement (Treitel, 1995). Economic development and growth in international trade has led to globalization in trade and given rise to legal conventions. In most business contracts most single contractors make arrangement with third parties who benefit from such contracts the growth of such contracts has increased calling for law reforms in many countries. With the growth of economies, the doctrine of privity, which prohibits conferment of contracts benefit to third parties raises a number of complexity to contracts which are made with the intention to benefit a third party. It frustrates such contracting parties while a third party who may have arranged with the contracting party in a contract suffers losses and ends up inconvenienced. In the case of the contract in question there are two parties in the contract, namely; Ace Steamers Ltd and Beth. In this contract, Beth entered into a contract with AC Steamers Ltd and bought two tickets, one for her daughter Carol and one for herself. Applying the doctrine of privity in this case, though Carol is bought for the ticket, she is not a party in the given contract and can not sue AC Steamers Ltd for any breach. She is also not liable for any damage that may be done by Beth. In this case we realize that Beth's intention was to benefit Carol and we clearly see some of the difficulties raised by the doctrine of privity. The case of Dunlop Pneumatic tyre Co Ltd versus Selfridge and Company is a classic example where Dunlop Pneumatic tires Co Ltd sold tyres to Selfridge and Co Ltd on condition that they would sell the tires below the greed price. Selfridge went on and sold to a third party based on the same conditions but the third party went on and sold the tyres below the price agreed and Dunlop Pneumatic sued them for a breach and the case was ruled that there was no contract between the third buyer and Dunlop Pneumatic Co Ltd. In the case in question Carol has no right of action against the Ac Steamers Co Ltd. However Beth being a party in the contract can sue for damages that herself has incurred. There are a few exceptions to the doctrine of privity which comprise means of circumventing the doctrine of privity. Under insurance contracts the doctrine of privity excepted in insurance policies for the advantage of third parties such that a policy is effected by the assured for his life, and also expressed as benefit of his dependants such that she can sue in the particular insurance company as long as it's assigned in writing. The doctrine of privity also faces exception in matters of family development and marriage settlements, where a contract is an arrangement on marriage

Teenage Pregnancy Essay Example for Free

Teenage Pregnancy Essay Statistics from the Malaysia Welfare Department for this year, from January to April 2010, reported that 111 unmarried young girls were pregnant. The figure, however, is just the tip of the iceberg as many cases go unreported and pregnancies terminated. It also reported in New Straits Times on 23rd July 2010, the body of a baby girl found in a bag at a bus stop near the Sultan Ismail Hospital, Johor Bahru in the morning. Also there a baby found buried. New Straits Times on 18th July 2010, reported that a fetus was found buried by the roadside in Jalan 12, Bandar Puteri Puchong, Selangor. Baby dumping is not the solution to a life problem and it could be charged under Section 317 of the Penal Code which carries a maximum jail term of seven years or fine or both according to the Malaysian law. For the past few years there are many newborn babies have been found, dead or live in the most unlikely places like rubbish dump. For instance, The Malay Mail on 26 July 2011 [5] reported that a fetus with the umbilical cord intact was found in a garbage can at Pulau Mutiara wholesale market in Jalan Makloom, Penang. This shows clearly that â€Å"baby dumping† is really serious problem that currently happened in our society. Based on Table 1, the statistic from the Headquarters of Royal Malaysia Police (PDRM) [6] indicated that there were 407 cases of baby dumping, for the past five years starting from 2005 until 7th April 2010. On average, there are 68 cases every year and these cases keep increasing. While in Figure 1.2.1, it shows that, there are 472 babies found dumped nationwide since 2005 until 16th August 2010. In year 2010 alone, it already recorded 65 cases up to 16 August 2010. That is means average 8 cases per month solely in year 2010 and this figure is not included the cases that not reported. According to Federal Criminal Investigation Department (CID) Director Commissioner Datuk Seri Bakri Zinin, this year alone (2010), as at 16 August 2010, 65 dumped babies had been. As compared to 42 cases during the same period last year (2009), there is an increase in these cases [7]. Recently, the Cabinet also informed that there were 21 recorded cases of students who got pregnant out of wedlock between 2006 and 2010. Then, what about the unreported and unrecorded cases? Public belief that the figure more than what we can imagine. After all the shocking incidents proven by the data produced by PDRM and Welfare Department, we found a strong base to do this study. 3. Methods Material A simple random sampling technique was conducted among 400 students (out of total 7535 students) from Form One until Form Six (Upper Six) in secondary schools at the area of Bakar Arang State Assembly under Sungai Petani Parliamentary, Kedah. The schools involved were Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan 138 Ibrahim, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sungai Pasir, Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Khir Johari and Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Bandar Sungai Petani in Sungai Petani, Kedah.The data was analyzed using Statistical Package for  the Social Science (SPSS) in getting descriptive statistic and correlation. 4. Results Discussion 4.1. Profile of Respondents Out of 400 respondents, there were 183 (45.75%) male respondents and 217 (54.25%) female respondents. This finding showed the dominant of female respondents in this study. Regarding the age group, the respondents were in the age of 13 years old (18 students or 4.50%), followed by 14 years old (51 students or 12.75%), 15 years old (44 students or 11.00%), 16 years old (97 students or 24.25%), 17 years old (94 students or 23.50%) and lastly 18 years old and above which is 96 students or 24.00%. The highest respondents in this study was 16 years old, followed by 18 years old, 17 years old, 14 years old, 15 years old and the lowest respondents were 13 years old. The race of respondents in this study consist of three major races in Malaysia which is Malay, Chinese, and Indian and the balance was other races. From the finding, it can be concluded that the highest race in this study was Malay, which consist of 242 students (60.5%), followed by Chinese, 75 students (18.75%), Indian 67students (16.75%) and the lowest was other races which consist 16 students (4.00%). 4.2. Result of Findings H1: There is a significant relationship between awareness towards consequences of free sex and baby dumping issue from the secondary school students’ perspective. Table 2. Awareness on consequences of free sex towards a perspective of baby dumping issue Awareness towards consequences of free sex Baby Dumping Pearson Correlation 0.396** Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000 N 400 **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). There was a significant relationship between awareness towards consequences of free sex and a perspective of baby dumping issue from the secondary school students’ perspective whereas P =0.000 and r = 0.396. Significant level is P 0.05 (P = 0.000). So, the researcher accepts the H1. This means, the awareness  towards consequences of free sex has an influence towards perspective of the baby dumping issue. This finding was also supported by APWLD Annual Report 2010 [9]. H2: There is a significant relationship between knowledge on sex education and baby dumping issue from the secondary school students’ perspective. Table 3: Knowledge on sex education towards a perspective of baby dumping issue. Knowledge on sex education Baby Dumping Pearson Correlation 0.445** Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000 N 400 **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). There was a significant relationship between knowledge on sex education and perspective of the baby dumping issue from the secondary school students’ perspective whereas P = 0.000 and r = 0.445. Significant level is P 0.05 (P = 0.000). So, the researcher accepts H2. This means, the respondents agreed that knowledge on sex education is important in order to prevent or reduce the number of baby dumping that happen in Malaysia. Besides that, most of the respondent agreed 139  that by learning sex education, teenagers will be more matured and responsible to themselves and having knowledge on sex education is important to prevent free sex among teenagers. H3: There is a significant relationship between religious belief and baby dumping issue from the secondary school students’ perspective. Table 4.Religious belief and a perspective of the baby dumping issue. Religious Belief Baby Dumping Pearson Correlation 0.386** Sig. (2-tailed) 0.000 N 400 **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). There was a significant relationship between religious belief and a perspective of baby dumping issue from the secondary school students’ perspective whereas P = 0.000 and r = 0.386. Significant level is P 0.05 (P = 0.000). So, the  researcher accepts H3. Religious belief also plays an important role in order to prevent baby dumping that increase from time to time. Other than that, most of respondents also agreed that religious belief need to apply in their daily life activity. This finding was also supported by the Azmi (2010) [1] and Coleman Testa (2007)[8]. 5. Conclusion As a conclusion, awareness towards consequences of free sex, knowledge on sex education and religious belief showed the significant relationships with the baby dumping issues in our country. Most of the respondents agreed that these three variables have a significant impact on baby dumping cases. It is important for the teenagers to understand the consequences of free sex so that they can prevent the unwanted pregnancy at the young age. Besides that, the knowledge on sex education is important to ensure the teenagers have a better understanding about their body so that they will not easily involve in free sex which can lead to the baby dumping. On top of that, the important of religious belief and practices also play a vital function. Every religion has lay down and taught about the dos and don’ts, about the sin and reward, and all religion prohibited the act of free sex. In order to prevent it, the government, schools, parents and teenagers should take necessary actions to stop this baby dumping issue from becoming worst. 6. Recommendation In order to cope with this baby dumping cases, government should come out with several policies and programmes. First of all, the government may incorporate sex education in school curriculum as part of a holistic approach to tackle baby dumping cases. This approach is needed in order to provide awareness and better understanding of reproductive system and health at school level. Besides that, the government also can restructure or add the syllabus in certain subject such as â€Å"Pendidikan Islam† or â€Å"Pendidikan Moral† in order to create awareness and highlighted the consequences of social problems like free sex and baby dumping. The government also should promote Islam as a way of life especially to the Muslim youth as we can see nowadays; most of the people who involved in baby dumping were Muslims.  Islamic scholars and Ulama’ must take this responsibility to explain to the community about Islam. However, it is important for the religious persons to use suitable method according to target group in performing this task. The government also can bring the Ulama’ or others religious person from other religion to give talk to the teenagers based on their belief especially when there is a program for teenagers as well as when there is a national campaign to curb with this kind of social problem. Drastic step by the government in categorizing baby dumping as a criminal amounting to murder if it meets with all the legal specifications is also can be introduced. The government can give another chance to the guilty parents if their baby is found alive but if the baby is found dead, the guilty parents need to be penalized under this criminal act. 140 Government also can help to curb this problems by exterminate pornographic materials from internet and electronic multimedia. These pornographic materials also one of the biggest factors that can contribute to the baby dumping issues because it will influence teenagers to do bad things. It is also recommended that the government come out with new rule to restrict the teenagers below 18 years old to check-in hotel or motel without parents or guardian. This rule will able to reduce free sex among the teenagers. Besides government, parents also should actively play their role in coping with this issue. For instance, they should discuss â€Å"openly† about sex and things related to it with their kids. Even though this topic still â€Å"taboo† in certain culture but it will prevent teenagers to get wrong information about sex from wrong sources. Weak family ties also one of the contributing factors in the rising cases of baby-dumping. It is a signal to all the parents not to concentrate and busy with their works and forgets to spend time with their children. As caring parents, we should hug, kiss, love and give more attention to our children before other persons do it for them. 7. Acknowledgements Our sincere thanks goes to our colleagues in UiTM Kedah, Malaysia for whom we have great regard, and we wish to extend our warmest thanks to all those who have helped us with the creation of this paper especially to Abdullah Fathi Muslim,Izzatul Nadiah Isa, Noor Atiqah Idris, Nurul Farakhin Zahrin and Nurzawani Abd Salam. 8. References [1] Dali, A. (2010), â€Å"Gejala buang bayi meningkat†, Kosmo , 17 August, pp. 6. [2] New Straits Times (2010), Eight held over selling of babies available at: http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1- 188506529.html (accessed 26 July 2011) [3] New Straits Times (2010), Foetus found buried by roadside available at: http://www.nst.com.my/nst/articles/27jani/Article (accessed 26 November 2010) [4] New Straits Times (2010), Newborn found in plastic bag, available at: http://www.nst.com.my/nst/articles/28sarr/Article/index_html (accessed 26 November 2010) [5] The Malay Mail (2011), Foetus of boy found in garbage can, available at: http://www.mmail.com.my/content/45796-foetus-boy-found-garbage-can (accessed 26 July 2011) [6] PDRM (2010) â€Å"Baby Dumping Statistic† available at: http://www.rmp.gov.my (accessed 26 November 2010) [7] The Star (2010), â€Å"CID Chief: 472 babies found dumped since 2005†, available at: http://thestarmobile.com/jsp/news/viewNews.jsp?newsID=151204catID=19 (accessed 16 August 2010) [8] Coleman, L.M. and Testa, A. (2007), â€Å"Preferences towards sex education and information from an ethnically diverse sample of young people†, Sex Education, Vol. 7 No. 3, pp. 293-307. [9] Asia Pacific Forum on Women, Law and Development (APWLD) Annual Report 2010. 141